Vapor-lamp.



A. P. BLANOHARD.

VAPOR LAMP. I

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1913. RENEWED SEPT,19.1914.

1,1 17,769. Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

:HB NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTD-LITHOY. WASHINGTON 0. CV

ALF. BLANGHARD.

VAPOR LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 29, 1913. RENEWED SEPT. 19, 1914 1,1 17,769.Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 A. F. BLANUHARD.

VAPOR LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1913. RENEWED SEPT. 19. 1914.

1 ,1 1 7,769. Patented Nov. 17. 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE NORRIS PETER 4:17.. r-dnIO-LITHQ. WASH/Mum". u. c.

ADNA F. BLANCHABD, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

VAPOR-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

Application filed September 29, 1913, Serial No. 792,400. RenewedSeptember 19, 1914. Serial No. 862,595.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Anna F. BLANGHARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, haveinvented new and useful lmprovements in Vapor-Lamps, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates generally to an improvement in vapor lamps, andparticularly to a lamp of this type designed for the utilization ofkerosene as a fuel and for the feeding of such fuel to the vaporizer bypressure caused by the heating of a confined body of air by the heatrising from the burner.

One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of apressure tank adapted to contain air under normal pressure and havingdirect communication with the fuel tank, the detailed structure of thelamp parts compelling the travel of all air admitted to the lamp throughthe heated zone thereof, and the specific structure of the pressure tankinsuring a rapid heating of the air therein from such heated product,whereby the air within the pressure tank is compelled to exert a feedingpressure upon the fuel.

A further object of the invention is the provision of means foradmitting air to the mixing chamber in a manner to insure a propermixture by causing the fuel stream to take up just sul'iicient of theadmitted air to produce a proper mixture, the excess air being drawndownwardly by the heat at the point of ignition and directed upwardly toheat the pressure tank.

The invention in the preferred form of details will be described in thefollowing specification, reference being had particularly therein to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical central sectionthrough the improved lamp, the globe being broken away, Fig. 2 is anenlarged plan view with the pressure tank and cooperating supportsremoved, Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the fuel tank and partsconnected thereto, Fig. i is a section on line 1% of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is asection on line 5-5 of Fig. l, Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig.1.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown the preferred form of thedetails of structure of the improved lamp, and for the purposes of thefollowing description such lamp may be said to comprise a main sec tion1, including a fuel tank 2, which is in the form of an annular hollowbody and is provided with the usual filling opening 3 having a sealingcap 4c.

Arranged within the interior opening of the fuel tank and connectedthereto by plates 5 is a supporting section including outer and innerspaced walls 6 and 7, the latter being of materially less height thanthe former and the space between the plates being closed at the lowerend by a bottom plate 8 circumferentially offset to form a shoulder 9therein. To the upper edge of the outer plate is connected a cover plate10, formed with a central opening 11, the cover plate sloping downwardlyand inwardly from its outer edge to the edge of the opening 11. A bridgeplate 12 is secured to the upper edge of the inner wall 7 of thesupporting section, being projected from such connection inwardly,downwardly and inwardly, and then upwardly, and connected to the edge ofthe opening 11 of the cover plate, the said bridge plate having acentral opening registering with the said opening of the cover plate.The outer wall 6 of the supporting section is formed on a line below theupper edge of the inner wall with an annular row of openings 13, and theinner wall 7 is formed with a similar row of openings 1%, a portion ofsuch wall however being free of such perforations. The outer wall 6 iscut out for a portion of its length to form an opening 15 and a door 16is slidably connected to said wall, and operated by a handle 17 wherebyto close said opening when desired. A shield 18 is secured to the outerwall 6 throughout that portion of the length of said wall beyond theopening 15. said shield having its ends connected to the wall, and beingof such form and length as to overlie the openings 13. The shield isspaced from the wall at its lower edge and freely open, permitting theair to pass beneath the shield and upwardly to reach the openings 13.

Within the fuel tank 2 is arranged a feed pipe 19 having the receivingend 20 protected by a strainer 21 and preferably ar ranged in adepending well 22 of the tank, the latter being closed by a cap 23 toprovide access to the receiving end of the feed pipe when necessary. Thefeed pipe leads to and through a valve body 24 secured to the tank andfrom said body to a pipe 25, a needle valve 26 controlling the passageof fluid through the ports of the valve body in any usual or preferredmanner. The needle valve is adapted for manual control from beyond thevalve body in any conventional way, such for example as providing thestem of the valve with a cross bar 27, having depending flexible membersby which the valve may be opened or closed.

A vaporizer 28 is arranged in the support in section, within the innerwall 7. This vaporizer comprises a tube-like body into the upper portionof which at one end the feed pipe leads, the vapor pipe 29 leading fromthe opposite end of the vaporizer, and being formed in a coil 30 beyondthe vaporizer. The vapor pipe 29 beyond the coil leads to a jet, nozzle31 supported in the bridge plate 12, as shown in Fig. 5. The fuel pipeincludes a main section 32 which extends through the coil 30 of thevapor pipe and depends below the supporting section, the lower end beingformed in any appropriate way for the reception of the usual mantle. Theupper end of the main section 32 is connected by a goose neck 33 with anentrance section 34, projecting through an opening in the cover plateand in line with the jet nozzle 31. The fuel pipe is supported by tiestrips 35 secured thereto and to the upper surface of the cover plate.

By preference the supporting section is removably secured to the fueltank by providing a clamping ring 36 designed to embrace the outer wallof the supporting section to which ring the plates 5 are secured, andalso secured to this ring are diametrically opposed uprights 37 whichproject above the cover plate, their upper ends being longitudinallyslotted at 38 and formed to provide eyes 39.

A pressure tank 40 is provided, through which one or more flues 41 arearranged, the flues being open at the ends and completely closed againstthe interior of the tank. In the form illustrated in Fig. 1, I haveshown the tank as provided with a single flue, which opens at the topthrough the center and at the bottom to one side of the center. The flueor lines provide a passage for the heated air, whereby the temperatureof the air within the tank is more quickly raised to the point necessaryto induce the desired pressure. The tank is supported within an openpipe section 42, hav ing a diameter greater than that of the tank andprovided with bowed sprin strips 43 between which the tank is held, thestrips reinforcing the tank and supporting the same against independentmovement under any usual jar of the lamp. The lower end of the pipesection 42 rests upon an outer annular shoulder 44 of the cover plate10, and the pipe section 42 is completely inclosed in an ornamentalcover section 45 supported upon an oflset edge l6 of the cover plate.The cover section l5 projects above the pipe section and tank, andreceives and supports a cover 47 having an edge flange 48 overhangingopenings l9 formed in the cover section 45. The cover section 45 isprovided with diametrically opposed projections 50 adapted to seat inthe slots 38 at the upper ends of the arms 37, a pin being passedthrough the eyes 39 of the arms to removably secure the parts againstseparation. The cover l? may be provided with any desired form of hanger51 whereby the lamp may be hung.

A reflector 52 is hingedly connected to the outer edge of one of theplates 5, the opposing plate being provided with a catch 46 to engage anotch in the reflector plate to secure said plate in operative positionwhen desired. The reflector is centrally formed with an opening 53having an upturned edge flange 54c, and within this flange which may ifdesired be integral is secured a cup for the initial heatingof thevaporizer and tank. The cup comprises approximately a horizontal portion55 formed with a series of openings 56, the inner edge of which isprovided with an upstanding flaring flange 57. Secured to the inner edgeof the horizontal portion 55 is a depending section 58 terminating in asemi-cylindrical annular member 59, forming the cup proper, andbeing ifdesired provided with a desirable quantity of wicking or absorbentmaterial 60. The fuel pipe extends within the central space of the cupproper and projects below the same, and the depending portion 58,immediately above the cup proper is formed with openings 61, thehorizontal portion 56 of the cup section being formed with similaropenings 62. The bridge plate 12 of the supporting section, adjacent theopening 15 in the outer wall 6 of said section is provided with a tube63 the lower end of which is immediately above the cup proper, so thatalcohol, or similar fuel fed through said tube may be delivered to thecup. A cover plate 64 is hinged to the upper end of the tube 63 andconnected to the door 16, the construction opening the tube whileopening the door and closing the tube as the door is closed.

In the use of the lamp, the valve 26 is closed and alcohol, insufficient quantity delivered to the cup 60, and ignited through thetube 63. The heat rising from the flame will raise the temperature ofthe air in the pressure tank, and by such expansion create a pressureupon the fuel inthe tank 2, the air reaching the tank through a pipe 65in open communication with both tanks. The valve 26 is then opened andfuel fed to the vaporizer, from which in form of vapor it passes to thejet 31. At this point it is mixed with airv admitted through theopenings 13 and over the upper edge of the guard plate, and the mixturedirected through the fuel pipe to the mantle.

With the reflector in operative position it will be noted that theupstanding flange 57 of the cup section forms an inner guard for theopenings 14: in the inner wall of the supporting section, and hence theair to support combustion is drawn through the openings 13 and 14: andmust pass upwardly over the fiange 57 to reach the point of ignition. Asthe incoming air however is materially cooler than the air within thespace included by the flange 57, the passage of the incoming air will bethrough'theopenings 62, so that the heated air, rising from the burnerwill find its way upwardly within the flange 57 through the opening 11and around the pressure tank as well as through the flue or flues 41.Furthermore the fuel stream rising through the jet will take up justsuiticient air for a proper mixture as the excess will find its waythrough the openings 14 in the inner wall 7 of the supporting sectionand to the point of ignition.

The improved lamp is by reason of the control of the air inletsparticularly adapted for use in the open air as it will remainunaffected even in strong winds, and furthermore the respective wallsand flanges of the supporting section are so arranged as to protect theair current against the elements, thus insuring a steady even flameunder ordinarily adverse conditions. The heated air rises practicallydirectly to the pressure tank and hence insures a uniformly hightemperature of the air in said tank and a consequently steady andsufficient pressure upon the fuel in the tank. By reason of the indirectadmission of the air to the mixing chamber, the same will be heated to aconsiderable extent prior to the mixing of the vapor, hence insuring amore effective mixture, particularly with kerosene.

The improved lamp is shown as a hanging lamp, though it is to beunderstood that it may be varied in detail to provide any desired typeof lamp, and that the various parts of the construction may be of any appropriate material or in any desired size.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new, is

1. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting sectionarranged in the central space of the tank, said section comprising innerand outer spaced walls, each formed with openings, a cover plate securedto the upper edge of the outer wall and having a central opening, abridged plate secured to the upper edge of. the inner wall and having acentral opening coinciding with the opening of the cover plate, and aguard plate carried by the inner wall and terminating at its upper edgebelow the cover plate.

2. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting'sectionarranged in the central space of the tank, said section comprising innerand outer spaced walls, each formed with openings, a cover plate securedto the upper edge of the outer wall and having a central opening, abridged plate secured to the upper edge of the inner wall and having acentral opening coinciding with the opening of the cover plate, a guardplate carried by the inner wall and terminating at its upper edge belowthe cover plate, a vaporizer carried by the supporting section and incommunication with the 'fuel tank, a vaporpipe leading from thevaporizer and opening through the bridge plate, and a fuel pipe openingthrough the cover plate with its receiving end in line with the terminalof the vapor pipe.

3. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting sectionarranged in the central space of the tank, a vaporizer arranged in thesupporting section and having valved communication with the tank, avapor pipe leading from the vaporizer and terminating in a. jet withinthe supporting section, a fuel pipe carried by the supporting sectionand having its receiving end in line with and spaced from the jet, areflector having hinged connection with the tank, a starting cup carriedby the reflector, and a feed pipe for the starting cup carried by thesupporting section.

4. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting sectionarranged in the central space of the tank and including inner and outerspaced walls each formed with openings, a cover plate and a bridge plateforming with said walls an air cham her, means for admitting the vaporto said air chamber, a guard plate partly closing the air chamberagainst air admission through the openings in the outer wall of thesupporting section, a starting cup structure movably connected to thefuel tank, and a flange carried by said structure to overlie theopenings in the inner wall of the supporting section.

5. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting sectionarranged in the central space of the tank and including inner and outerspaced walls each formed with openings, a cover plate and a bridge plateforming with said walls an air chamber, means for admitting the vapor tosaid air chamber, a guard plate partly closing the air chamber againstair admission through the openings in the outer wall of the supportingsection, a starting cup structure movably connected to the fuel tank,said outer wall of the supporting section being formed with a doorclosed opening, a feed pipe carried by the supporting section for thestarting cup, and a cover for said feed pipe operated in the movement ofthe door.

6. A vapor lamp including an annular fuel tank, a supporting sectionarranged in the central space of the tank and including inner and outerspaced walls each formed 5 with openings, a cover plate and a bridgeplate forming with said walls an air chamber, means for admitting thevapor to said air chamber, a guard plate partly closing the air chamberagainst air admission 1 through the openings in the outer wall of thesupporting section, a starting cup structure movably connected to thefuel tank,

and a flange carried by said structure to overlie the openings in theinner Wall of the supporting section, said structure being formed withopenings outwardly beyond the flange to direct the incoming air belowthe starting cup.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ADNA F. BLANCHARD. Witnesses:

DAVID W. GOULD, E. EDMONSTON, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. G,

